Challenges Facing Families of Children with ADHD in Light of Social and Economic Changes in Taif City
Abstract
This study addressed "The Challenges Faced by Families of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Amidst Social and Economic Changes in Taif City". The research aimed to explore and analyze the multidimensional challenges encountered by these families. The study included main objectives to identify social and psychological pressures, educational and service challenges, in addition to analyzing the professional, emotional and behavioral challenges faced by families. The study used a descriptive approach to collect data through a questionnaire distributed to 48 parents of children with ADHD who frequented developmental and behavioral disorder center in Taif City from January to May 2024. The questionnaire consists of two parts: the first includes personal and demographic data, and the second focuses on the challenges faced by families in multiple areas such as social, psychological and educational problems. The results showed that social and psychological pressures posed major challenges for families, with mothers particularly suffering from higher levels of stress. It was also found that low-income families faced greater challenges in obtaining appropriate educational and treatment services. Additionally, the results showed that the number of children in the family and the gender of the affected child significantly affected the severity of the challenges faced by parents. The study provided practical recommendations to improve support for families of children with ADHD, including enhancing educational programs and awareness, providing psychological and social support, and facilitating access to treatment services. The study sought to provide a comprehensive picture of the reality of these families, contributing to the development of supportive policies and programs for this segment of society
References
2. باقبص, حنان. (2024). فاعلية برنامج قائم على استخدام رياضة الدماغ للحد من أعراض اضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه لدى أطفال الصفوف الأولية بمحافظة جده. المجلة العربية لعلوم الإعاقة والموهبة, 8(29), 195–250. https://doi.org/10.21608/jasht.2024.337381
3. جاد الكريم, رشا. (2022). الصعوبات التي تواجه الممارسين عند التعامل مع الأطفال ذوي اضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه . دراسات في الخدمة الاجتماعية, 60(2), 345–378. https://doi.org/10.21608/dss.2022.167127.1139
4. العبادي, سمر. (2020). التطور الاقتصادي والعمراني والاجتماعي في الطائف من خلال كتابات الغربيين خلال الفترة (1343-1426هـ/ 1924-2005م) دراسة تاريخية حضارية مقارنة. (pp. 1–750) [رسالة دكتوراه، كلية الشريعة والدراسات الإسلامية، قسم التاريخ والحضارة الاسلامية.
5. العود, ناصر. (2019). المشكلات التي تواجه أمهات الأطفال المصابين باضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه: تصور مهني مقترح للخدمة الاجتماعية المباشرة. مجلة العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية, 52(1), 211–316. http://search.mandumah.com/Record/966755
6. غريبية, زينب, & آخرون. (2021). التحولات الاجتماعية في دول الخليج العربية: الهوية والقبيلة والتنمية. In مروان قبلان المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات.
7. قمر الدولة, رحاب. (2023). البروفايل النفسي للأمهات المعيلات لأطفال ذوي اضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه وأمهات الأطفال العاديين. مجلة الطفولة , 44(1), 558–582. https://doi.org/10.21608/jchild.2023.194413.1129
8. متولي, دعاء, & عبد اللطيف, أسماء. (2023). فعالية برنامج إرشادي إلكتروني لتعزيز الوعي باستراتيجيات إدارة الغضب وعلاقته بالمرونة الأسرية لدي أمهات الأطفال ذوي اضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه. المجلة العلمية لعلوم التربية النوعية, 17(17), 1826–1914. https://doi.org/10.21608/sjsep.2024.270851.1025
9. Alqahtani, M. M. (2010). Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder in school-aged children in Saudi Arabia. European Journal of Pediatrics, 169(9), 1113-1117.
10. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
11. Barkley, R. A. (2015). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
12. Bowen, M. (1978). Family Therapy in Clinical Practice. Jason Aronson.
13. Comer, R. J. (2018). Abnormal Psychology (10th ed.). Worth Publishers.
14. Elder, G. H., & Caspi, A. (1988). Economic Stress in Lives: Developmental Perspectives. Journal of Social Issues, 44(4), 25-45.
15. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. Bantam Books.
16. Harvey, D. (2005). Social Change and Development. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
17. Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524.
18. Keiffer, S., Marcum, G., Harrison, S., Teske, D. W., & Simsic, J. M. (2015a). Reduction of Medication Errors in a Pediatric Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 30(3), 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1097/ncq.0000000000000098
19. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. Springer Publishing Company.
20. Leon-Guerrero, A. (2018). Social Problems: Community, Policy, and Social Action. SAGE Publications.
21. Levy, R. (2002). Dynamics of Family Interaction. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
22. Loe, I. M., & Feldman, H. M. (2007). Academic and educational outcomes of children with ADHD. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(6), 643-654.
23. Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Principles of Economics (7th ed.). Cengage Learning.
24. Pennington, B. F., & Hallahan, D. P. (2015). Learning Disabilities: From Identification to Intervention (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
25. Polanczyk, G. V., Salum, G. A., Sugaya, L. S., Caye, A., & Rohde, L. A. (2015). Annual research review: A meta‐analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56(3), 345-365.
26. Sandler, M. R. (1993). Family Support: Research and Practice. New York: Springer.
27. Thapar, A., & Cooper, M. (2016). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Lancet, 387(10024), 1240-1250.
28. Theule, J., Wiener, J., Tannock, R., & Jenkins, J. M. (2013). Parenting stress in families of children with ADHD: A meta-analysis. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 21(1), 3-17.
